Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA) is a type of hair loss that primarily affects women of African descent. It usually starts at the central part of the scalp and spreads outward, leading to scarring and possible permanent hair loss. The exact cause is not fully understood but is believed to involve a combination of genetic predisposition, hairstyling practices like tight braiding or weaving, and inflammation. It developed when the immune system mistakes part of the hair as harmful and subsequently attacks it, leading to destruction of the hair follicle followed by scarring in the area. Early signs include hair thinning and tenderness, progressing to visible patches of baldness with scarring over time. Diagnosis may involve a scalp biopsy to confirm scarring and rule out other conditions. Treatment may include topical or oral medications to reduce inflammation and prevent further hair loss. Management also involves adopting gentle hairstyling techniques to minimize trauma to the scalp.

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The treatment for scarring hair loss, also known as cicatricial alopecia, depends on the specific type and severity of the condition. Here are some general approaches to managing scarring hair loss:

 

1. Topical Treatments: Topical corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation and slow down the progression of scarring. Other topical medications like calcineurin inhibitors, corticosteroids and JAK (Janus kinase) inhibitors may be prescribed to help manage symptoms.

 

2. Oral Medications:  In more severe cases or when topical treatments are insufficient, oral medications such as an oral antibiotic, corticosteroid or immunosuppressant may be prescribed to control inflammation and halt further hair loss.

 

3. Intralesional Injections:  Corticosteroid injections directly into the affected areas can be effective in reducing inflammation and promoting hair regrowth.

 

4. Systemic Treatments:  For widespread or rapidly progressing scarring hair loss, systemic treatments like oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressants may be necessary to control the immune response.

 

5. Lifestyle Modifications:  Avoiding harsh hairstyling practices, minimizing trauma to the scalp, and adopting gentle hair care routines can help prevent further damage to hair follicles.

 

6. Regular Monitoring:  Since cicatricial alopecia is a chronic condition, regular follow-ups with a dermatologist are essential to monitor progress, adjust treatment as needed, and address any new symptoms or concerns.

 

It's crucial for individuals with scarring hair loss to work closely with a dermatologist to develop a personalized treatment plan based on their specific type of cicatricial alopecia and individual needs.